Example: get children categories
$terms = get_terms( get_query_var('taxonomy'),
array( 'parent' => get_queried_object()->term_id,
'orderby' => 'slug',
'hide_empty' => false ) );
foreach ( $terms as $term ) {
echo '<li><a href="' . get_term_link( $term ) . '">' . $term->name . '</a></li>';
}